This shoal, charted in 1929, is an underwater mountain in the middle of Lake Superior about 50 miles (80km) north of Copper Harbor, Michigan. [91] That same year, Terrence Tysall and Mike Zee set multiple records when they used trimix gas to scuba dive to Edmund Fitzgerald. The bow section stood upright in the mud, some 170 feet (52m) from the stern section that lay capsized at a 50-degree angle from the bow. . [155], The USCG had proposed rules for watertight bulkheads in Great Lakes vessels as early as the sinking of Daniel J. Morrell in 1966 and did so again after the sinking of Edmund Fitzgerald, arguing that this would allow ships to make it to refuge or at least allow crew members to abandon ship in an orderly fashion. On November 9, 1975, the Edmund Fitzgerald pushed across the waters of Lake Superior with a cargo of iron ore. A storm came up in the afternoon and pounded the ship through the night with winds up to 75 mph, blinding snow, and waves reaching 25 feet. . rushes over the hull, empty of sailors, fills the ship with water. The collision tore a hole in the ship's bow large enough to drive a truck through, but the Maumee was able to travel halfway around the world to a repair yard, without difficulty, because she was fitted with watertight bulkheads. Captain Paquette of Wilfred Sykes had been following and charting the low-pressure system over Oklahoma since November 8 and concluded that a major storm would track across eastern Lake Superior. 2 hatch cover was missing and the coaming on the No. Bar used beer tap made into a hat rack or coat rack. Namesake of ill-fated Edmund Fitzgerald to get his due. [174] Thompson said that ongoing budget cuts had limited the USCG's ability to perform its historical functions. The main feature of this issue is the 40th Anniversary of the launch of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald. [170] Of the official recommendations, the following actions and USCG regulations were put in place: Karl Bohnak, an Upper Peninsula meteorologist, covered the sinking and storm in a book on local weather history. [31] The original lyrics of the song show a degree of artistic license compared to the events of the actual sinking: it states the destination as Cleveland instead of Detroit. 1 hatch cover was entirely inside the No. [79] MacInnis concluded that the notes and video obtained during the dives did not provide an explanation why Edmund Fitzgerald sank. [48] In a broadcast shortly afterward, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) warned all shipping that the Soo Locks had been closed and they should seek safe anchorage. [86][87] The life jacket had deteriorated canvas and "what is thought to be six rectangular cork blocks clearly visible. [44] Captain Paquette of Wilfred Sykes reported that after 1a.m., he overheard McSorley say that he had reduced the ship's speed because of the rough conditions. [17] Originally coal-fired, her boilers were converted to burn oil during the 197172 winter layup. Check out our edmund fitzgerald ship selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. Fitzgerald's own grandfather and all great uncles had themselves been lake captains,[22] and his father owned the Milwaukee Drydock Company, which built and repaired ships. Mark Thompson, a merchant seaman and author of numerous books on Great Lakes shipping, stated that if her cargo holds had watertight subdivisions, "the Edmund Fitzgerald could have made it into Whitefish Bay. [31] Loading Edmund Fitzgerald with taconite pellets took about four and a half hours, while unloading took around 14hours. What happened on that fateful night to the ship and the entire 29-man crew? The Fitzgerald suffered from structural problems. Captain Ernest M. McSorley had loaded her with 26,116 long tons of taconite pellets, made of processed iron ore, heated and rolled into marble-size balls. Whitefish Point is the site of the Whitefish Point Light Station and Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum. The christening and launch ceremony was held on June 7, 1958, and was attended by more than 15,000 people. [4] Her size, record-breaking performance, and "DJ captain" endeared Edmund Fitzgerald to boat watchers.[8]. [169], The NTSB investigation noted that Great Lakes cargo vessels could normally avoid severe storms and called for the establishment of a limiting sea state applicable to Great Lakes bulk cargo vessels. The pair are the only people known to have touched the Edmund Fitzgerald wreck. [59] At about 8:25p.m., Cooper again called the USCG to express his concern about Edmund Fitzgerald[60] and at 9:03p.m. reported her missing. From the beginning of the USCG inquiry, some of the crewmen's families and various labor organizations believed the USCG findings could be tainted because there were serious questions regarding their preparedness as well as licensing and rules changes. The launch of the EDMUND FITZGERALD. In 1978, without explanation, Bethlehem Steel Corporation denied permission for the chairman of the NTSB to travel on Arthur B. Homer. [98][99] In 2009, a further amendment to the Ontario Heritage Act imposed licensing requirements on any type of surveying device. Thompson further conjectured that damage more extensive than Captain McSorley could detect in the pilothouse let water flood the cargo hold. The Fitzgerald and the Arthur M. Anderson, another freighter on . "[123] Author Bishop reported that Captain Paquette of Wilfred Sykes argued that through their support for the shoaling explanation, the LCA represented the shipping company's interests by advocating a hypothesis that held LCA member companies, the American Bureau of Shipping, and the U.S. Coast Guard Service blameless. On November 10, 1975, the S.S. Edmund Fitzgerald broke in half and sunk in Lake Superior. However, the event didn't go as smoothly as anyone hoped. On the afternoon of November 9, 1975 the Fitzgerald departed Superior, Wisconsin en route to the steel mill on Zug Island, near Detroit, Michigan. Morrell. "[55], By late in the afternoon of November 10, sustained winds of over 50 knots (93km/h; 58mph) were recorded by ships and observation points across eastern Lake Superior. The USCG Marine board concluded that the few damaged clamps were probably the only ones fastened. Four days later, the ship was found in deep water by a US Navy aircraft. [206][a], A piano concerto titled The Edmund Fitzgerald was composed by American composer Geoffrey Peterson in 2002; it premiered by the Sault Symphony Orchestra in Sault Ste. The bow section would have had to right itself and the stern portion would have had to capsize before coming to rest on the bottom. [43] Arthur M. Anderson and Edmund Fitzgerald altered course northward seeking shelter along the Ontario shore[40] where they encountered a winter storm at 1:00a.m. on November 10. The Edmund Fitzgerald's final voyage. As Edmund Fitzgerald was sailing under the U.S. flag, even though she sank in foreign (Canadian) waters, she was subject to U.S. admiralty law. [4] For 17 years, Edmund Fitzgerald carried taconite from Minnesota's Iron Range mines near Duluth, Minnesota, to iron works in Detroit, Toledo, and other ports. The Fitzgerald departs Lake Superior en route of Detroit with 26,116 tons of taconite pellets. [102] Analysis of the simulation showed that two separate areas of high wind appeared over Lake Superior at 4:00p.m. on November 10. Stonehouse called on ship designers and builders to design lake carriers more like ships rather than "motorized super-barges"[152] making the following comparison: Contrast this [the Edmund Fitzgerald] with the story of the SS Maumee, an oceangoing tanker that struck an iceberg near the South Pole recently. Ex-Fitzgerald crew member George Burgner claimed in a deposition that unrepaired cracks and weakened metal on the ship caused the loss, according . Edmund Fitzgerald previously reported being in significant difficulty to Arthur M. Anderson: "I have a bad list, lost both radars. Her crew of 29 perished, and no bodies were recovered. [34], Because of her size, appearance, string of records, and "DJ captain,"[4] Edmund Fitzgerald became a favorite of boat watchers throughout her career. The National Weather Service issues . In 1976, Ontario singer-songwriter Gordon Lightfoot wrote, composed, and recorded the song "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" for his album Summertime Dream. The sinking of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald - November 10, 1975 The SS Edmund Fitzgerald sank in Lake Superior 20 years ago. The USCG responders instructed him to call back on channel12 because they wanted to keep their emergency channel open and they were having difficulty with their communication systems, including antennas blown down by the storm. She was used to carry taconite from mines near Duluth, Minnesota to iron works in Detroit, Toledo and other ports. 1960 Arthur B. Homer 1986. Gordon Lightfoot made it the subject of his 1976hit song "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" after reading an article, "The Cruelest Month", in the November 24, 1975, issue of Newsweek. [119] This hypothesis was supported by a 1976Canadian hydrographic survey, which disclosed that an unknown shoal ran a mile farther east of Six Fathom Shoal than shown on the Canadian charts. [200], The Royal Canadian Mint commemorated Edmund Fitzgerald in 2015 with a colored silver collector coin, with a face value of $20.[201]. Frederick Stonehouse, who wrote one of the first books on the Edmund Fitzgerald wreck, moderated a 1990 panel review of the video that drew no conclusions about the cause of Edmund Fitzgerald's sinking. An event of interest to all Great Lakes historians occurred on June 7th of this year. [144] Historian and mariner Mark Thompson believes that something broke loose from Edmund Fitzgerald's deck. [104], Edmund Fitzgerald sank at the eastern edge of the area of high wind[105] where the long fetch, or distance that wind blows over water, produced significant waves averaging over 23 feet (7.0m) by 7:00p.m. and over 25 feet (7.6m) at 8:00p.m. Shortly after 7:10p.m., Edmund Fitzgerald suddenly sank in Canadian (Ontario) waters 530 feet (88 fathoms; 160m) deep, about 17 miles (15 nautical miles; 27 kilometers) from Whitefish Bay near the twin cities of Sault Ste. The first wave introduces an abnormally large amount of water onto the deck. Arthur B. Homer was lengthened to 825 feet (251m) and placed back in service by December 1975, not long after Edmund Fitzgerald foundered. [104], A group of three rogue waves, often called "three sisters,"[107] was reported in the vicinity of Edmund Fitzgerald at the time she sank. 3 and 4 were covered with mud; one corner of hatch cover No. The events of that night and what happened to the 729-foot freighter are still a mystery to the world. Marie. She was never heard from again. During 1974, she lost her original bow anchor in the Detroit River. Marie, Michigan, with 1 foot (0.3m) of water. The Fateful Journey by Sean Ley, Development Officer The final voyage of the Edmund Fitzgerald began November 9, 1975 at the Burlington Northern Railroad Dock No.1, Superior, Wisconsin. The No. "[166] The USCG did not broadcast that all ships should seek safe anchorage until after 3:35p.m. on November 10, many hours after the weather was upgraded from a gale to a storm. . The efforts of a third freighter, the Toronto-registered SSHilda Marjanne, were foiled by the weather. She and her sister ship, the Edward Y. Townsend, carried iron ore and other bulk cargo to and from Great Lakes ports for six decades. [4] The vessel's record load for a single trip was 27,402 long tons (30,690 short tons; 27,842t) in 1969. [134] After August B. Herbel Jr., president of the American Society for Testing and Materials, examined photographs of the welds on Edmund Fitzgerald, he stated, "the hull was just being held together with patching plates." . [170] One concern was that shipping companies pressured the captains to deliver cargo as quickly and cheaply as possible regardless of bad weather. SS Edmund Fitzgerald (ogs kaldet Mighty Fitz, The Fitz og The Big Fitz) var et amerikansk fragtskib, som sejlede i Great Lakes-distriktet i Nordamerika. An additional $2.1million lawsuit was later filed. Based on the NWS forecast, Arthur M. Anderson and Edmund Fitzgerald instead started their trip across Lake Superior following the regular Lake Carriers Association route, which placed them in the path of the storm. Her destination was Zug Island on the Detroit River. 7. When launched on June 7, 1958, she was the largest ship on North America's Great Lakes, and she remains the largest to have sunk there. [124] It has sharp peaks that rise nearly to the lake surface with water depths ranging from 22 to 400 feet (6.7 to 121.9m), making it a menace to navigation. She was found with cracks after the Big Fitz sank and then they scrapped her in 1986, so . [94], An April 2005 amendment to the Ontario Heritage Act allows the Ontario government to impose a license requirement on dives, the operation of submersibles, side scan sonars or underwater cameras within a designated radius around protected sites. When launched, she was the largest ship on the Great Lakes, and she remains the largest to have sunk there. Oglebay Norton subsequently filed a petition in the U.S. District Court seeking to "limit their liability to $817,920 in connection with other suits filed by families of crew members. [175], Under maritime law, ships fall under the jurisdiction of the admiralty courts of their flag country. Edmund Fitzgerald's bow hooked to one side or the other in heavy seas without recovering and made a groaning sound not heard on other ships. Discovery of the shoal resulted in a change in recommended shipping routes. The second wave of this size, perhaps 35 foot, came over the bridge deck.
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